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Monsanto is an ancient fortified village on perched on the side of the mountain located Southeast of Serra da Estrela in Portugal . Its appearance has not changed in centuries. The tiny streets are carved from and in the rocks. The houses are squeezed between gigantic boulders. This historical village is one of the most remarkable in Europe. It is often mentioned as the most Portuguese village in Portugal.

At the top of the 400 feet high hill stands a very old square built fortress / castle. The castle played an important role in Medieval times when the Templars Grand Master built a castle which withstood several battles including the Napoleonic invasions. The walk up to the castle is rewarded by one of the most breathtaking views in the whole region. On a round trip in Portugal Monsanto Village is a must! [wikitravel]


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Papuan is a cover term for the various indigenous peoples of New Guinea and neighboring islands, speakers of so-called Papuan languages. Papua New Guinea occupies the eastern part of the world's second largest island and is prey to volcanic activity, earthquakes and tidal waves. Linguistically, it is the world's most diverse country, with more than 700 native tongues.



Some 80% of Papua New Guinea's people live in rural areas with few or no facilities of modern life. Many tribes in the isolated mountainous interior have little contact with one another, let alone with the outside world, and live within a non-monetarised economy dependent on subsistence agriculture. For more.